/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2019, Google Inc.
 * Copyright (C) 2020, Raspberry Pi Ltd
 *
 * V4L2 Pixel Format
 */

#include "libcamera/internal/v4l2_pixelformat.h"

#include <ctype.h>
#include <map>
#include <string.h>

#include <libcamera/base/log.h>

#include <libcamera/formats.h>
#include <libcamera/pixel_format.h>

#include "libcamera/internal/formats.h"

/**
 * \file v4l2_pixelformat.h
 * \brief V4L2 Pixel Format
 */

namespace libcamera {

LOG_DECLARE_CATEGORY(V4L2)

/**
 * \class V4L2PixelFormat
 * \brief V4L2 pixel format FourCC wrapper
 *
 * The V4L2PixelFormat class describes the pixel format of a V4L2 buffer. It
 * wraps the V4L2 numerical FourCC, and shall be used in all APIs that deal with
 * V4L2 pixel formats. Its purpose is to prevent unintentional confusion of
 * V4L2 and DRM FourCCs in code by catching implicit conversion attempts at
 * compile time.
 *
 * To achieve this goal, construction of a V4L2PixelFormat from an integer value
 * is explicit. To retrieve the integer value of a V4L2PixelFormat, both the
 * explicit value() and implicit uint32_t conversion operators may be used.
 */

namespace {

const std::map<V4L2PixelFormat, V4L2PixelFormat::Info> vpf2pf{
	/* RGB formats. */
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565),
		{ formats::RGB565, "16-bit RGB 5-6-5" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565X),
		{ formats::RGB565_BE, "16-bit RGB 5-6-5 BE" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24),
		{ formats::BGR888, "24-bit RGB 8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24),
		{ formats::RGB888, "24-bit BGR 8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_XBGR32),
		{ formats::XRGB8888, "32-bit BGRX 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_XRGB32),
		{ formats::BGRX8888, "32-bit XRGB 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGBX32),
		{ formats::XBGR8888, "32-bit RGBX 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGRX32),
		{ formats::RGBX8888, "32-bit XBGR 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGBA32),
		{ formats::ABGR8888, "32-bit RGBA 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_ABGR32),
		{ formats::ARGB8888, "32-bit BGRA 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_ARGB32),
		{ formats::BGRA8888, "32-bit ARGB 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGRA32),
		{ formats::RGBA8888, "32-bit ABGR 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB48),
		{ formats::BGR161616, "48-bit RGB 16-16-16" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR48),
		{ formats::RGB161616, "48-bit BGR 16-16-16" } },

	/* YUV packed formats. */
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV),
		{ formats::YUYV, "YUYV 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU),
		{ formats::YVYU, "YVYU 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY),
		{ formats::UYVY, "UYVY 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY),
		{ formats::VYUY, "VYUY 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUVA32),
		{ formats::AVUY8888, "32-bit YUVA 8-8-8-8" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUVX32),
		{ formats::XVUY8888, "32-bit YUVX 8-8-8-8" } },

	/* YUV planar formats. */
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16),
		{ formats::NV16, "Y/CbCr 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16M),
		{ formats::NV16, "Y/CbCr 4:2:2 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61),
		{ formats::NV61, "Y/CrCb 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61M),
		{ formats::NV61, "Y/CrCb 4:2:2 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12),
		{ formats::NV12, "Y/CbCr 4:2:0" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12M),
		{ formats::NV12, "Y/CbCr 4:2:0 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21),
		{ formats::NV21, "Y/CrCb 4:2:0" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21M),
		{ formats::NV21, "Y/CrCb 4:2:0 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV24),
		{ formats::NV24, "Y/CbCr 4:4:4" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV42),
		{ formats::NV42, "Y/CrCb 4:4:4" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420),
		{ formats::YUV420, "Planar YUV 4:2:0" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420M),
		{ formats::YUV420, "Planar YUV 4:2:0 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420),
		{ formats::YVU420, "Planar YVU 4:2:0" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420M),
		{ formats::YVU420, "Planar YVU 4:2:0 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P),
		{ formats::YUV422, "Planar YUV 4:2:2" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422M),
		{ formats::YUV422, "Planar YUV 4:2:2 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU422M),
		{ formats::YVU422, "Planar YVU 4:2:2 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444M),
		{ formats::YUV444, "Planar YUV 4:4:4 (N-C)" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU444M),
		{ formats::YVU444, "Planar YVU 4:4:4 (N-C)" } },

	/* Greyscale formats. */
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY),
		{ formats::R8, "8-bit Greyscale" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10),
		{ formats::R10, "10-bit Greyscale" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y10P),
		{ formats::R10_CSI2P, "10-bit Greyscale Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12),
		{ formats::R12, "12-bit Greyscale" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y12P),
		{ formats::R12_CSI2P, "12-bit Greyscale Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16),
		{ formats::R16, "16-bit Greyscale" } },

	/* Bayer formats. */
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR8),
		{ formats::SBGGR8, "8-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8),
		{ formats::SGBRG8, "8-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG8),
		{ formats::SGRBG8, "8-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB8),
		{ formats::SRGGB8, "8-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10),
		{ formats::SBGGR10, "10-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10),
		{ formats::SGBRG10, "10-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10),
		{ formats::SGRBG10, "10-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10),
		{ formats::SRGGB10, "10-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR10P),
		{ formats::SBGGR10_CSI2P, "10-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG10P),
		{ formats::SGBRG10_CSI2P, "10-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10P),
		{ formats::SGRBG10_CSI2P, "10-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB10P),
		{ formats::SRGGB10_CSI2P, "10-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12),
		{ formats::SBGGR12, "12-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12),
		{ formats::SGBRG12, "12-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12),
		{ formats::SGRBG12, "12-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12),
		{ formats::SRGGB12, "12-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR12P),
		{ formats::SBGGR12_CSI2P, "12-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG12P),
		{ formats::SGBRG12_CSI2P, "12-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG12P),
		{ formats::SGRBG12_CSI2P, "12-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB12P),
		{ formats::SRGGB12_CSI2P, "12-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR14),
		{ formats::SBGGR14, "14-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG14),
		{ formats::SGBRG14, "14-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG14),
		{ formats::SGRBG14, "14-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB14),
		{ formats::SRGGB14, "14-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR14P),
		{ formats::SBGGR14_CSI2P, "14-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG14P),
		{ formats::SGBRG14_CSI2P, "14-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG14P),
		{ formats::SGRBG14_CSI2P, "14-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB14P),
		{ formats::SRGGB14_CSI2P, "14-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB Packed" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16),
		{ formats::SBGGR16, "16-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG16),
		{ formats::SGBRG16, "16-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG16),
		{ formats::SGRBG16, "16-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_SRGGB16),
		{ formats::SRGGB16, "16-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_PISP_COMP1_BGGR),
		{ formats::BGGR_PISP_COMP1, "16-bit Bayer BGBG/GRGR PiSP Compress Mode 1" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_PISP_COMP1_GBRG),
		{ formats::GBRG_PISP_COMP1, "16-bit Bayer GBGB/RGRG PiSP Compress Mode 1" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_PISP_COMP1_GRBG),
		{ formats::GRBG_PISP_COMP1, "16-bit Bayer GRGR/BGBG PiSP Compress Mode 1" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_PISP_COMP1_RGGB),
		{ formats::RGGB_PISP_COMP1, "16-bit Bayer RGRG/GBGB PiSP Compress Mode 1" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_PISP_COMP1_MONO),
		{ formats::MONO_PISP_COMP1, "16-bit Mono PiSP Compress Mode 1" } },

	/* Compressed formats. */
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_MJPEG),
		{ formats::MJPEG, "Motion-JPEG" } },
	{ V4L2PixelFormat(V4L2_PIX_FMT_JPEG),
		{ formats::MJPEG, "JPEG JFIF" } },
};

} /* namespace */

/**
 * \struct V4L2PixelFormat::Info
 * \brief Information about a V4L2 pixel format
 *
 * \var V4L2PixelFormat::Info::format
 * \brief The corresponding libcamera PixelFormat
 *
 * \sa PixelFormat
 *
 * \var V4L2PixelFormat::Info::description
 * \brief The human-readable description of the V4L2 pixel format
 */

/**
 * \fn V4L2PixelFormat::V4L2PixelFormat()
 * \brief Construct a V4L2PixelFormat with an invalid format
 *
 * V4L2PixelFormat instances constructed with the default constructor are
 * invalid, calling the isValid() function returns false.
 */

/**
 * \fn V4L2PixelFormat::V4L2PixelFormat(uint32_t fourcc)
 * \brief Construct a V4L2PixelFormat from a FourCC value
 * \param[in] fourcc The pixel format FourCC numerical value
 */

/**
 * \fn bool V4L2PixelFormat::isValid() const
 * \brief Check if the pixel format is valid
 *
 * V4L2PixelFormat instances constructed with the default constructor are
 * invalid. Instances constructed with a FourCC defined in the V4L2 API are
 * valid. The behaviour is undefined otherwise.
 *
 * \return True if the pixel format is valid, false otherwise
 */

/**
 * \fn uint32_t V4L2PixelFormat::fourcc() const
 * \brief Retrieve the pixel format FourCC numerical value
 * \return The pixel format FourCC numerical value
 */

/**
 * \fn V4L2PixelFormat::operator uint32_t() const
 * \brief Convert to the pixel format FourCC numerical value
 * \return The pixel format FourCC numerical value
 */

/**
 * \brief Assemble and return a string describing the pixel format
 * \return A string describing the pixel format
 */
std::string V4L2PixelFormat::toString() const
{
	if (fourcc_ == 0)
		return "<INVALID>";

	char ss[8] = { static_cast<char>(fourcc_ & 0x7f),
		       static_cast<char>((fourcc_ >> 8) & 0x7f),
		       static_cast<char>((fourcc_ >> 16) & 0x7f),
		       static_cast<char>((fourcc_ >> 24) & 0x7f) };

	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		if (!isprint(ss[i]))
			ss[i] = '.';
	}

	if (fourcc_ & (1 << 31))
		strcat(ss, "-BE");

	return ss;
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the V4L2 description for the format
 *
 * The description matches the value used by the kernel, as would be reported
 * by the VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT ioctl.
 *
 * \return The V4L2 description corresponding to the V4L2 format, or a
 * placeholder description if not found
 */
const char *V4L2PixelFormat::description() const
{
	const auto iter = vpf2pf.find(*this);
	if (iter == vpf2pf.end()) {
		LOG(V4L2, Warning)
			<< "Unsupported V4L2 pixel format "
			<< toString();
		return "Unsupported format";
	}

	return iter->second.description;
}

/**
 * \brief Convert the V4L2 pixel format to the corresponding PixelFormat
 * \param[in] warn When true, log a warning message if the V4L2 pixel format
 * isn't known
 *
 * Users of this function might try to convert a V4L2PixelFormat to a
 * PixelFormat just to check if the format is supported or not. In that case,
 * they can suppress the warning message by setting the \a warn argument to
 * false to not pollute the log with unnecessary messages.
 *
 * \return The PixelFormat corresponding to the V4L2 pixel format
 */
PixelFormat V4L2PixelFormat::toPixelFormat(bool warn) const
{
	const auto iter = vpf2pf.find(*this);
	if (iter == vpf2pf.end()) {
		if (warn)
			LOG(V4L2, Warning) << "Unsupported V4L2 pixel format "
					   << toString();
		return PixelFormat();
	}

	return iter->second.format;
}

/**
 * \brief Retrieve the list of V4L2PixelFormat associated with \a pixelFormat
 * \param[in] pixelFormat The PixelFormat to convert
 *
 * Multiple V4L2 formats may exist for one PixelFormat as V4L2 defines separate
 * 4CCs for contiguous and non-contiguous versions of the same image format.
 *
 * \return The list of V4L2PixelFormat corresponding to \a pixelFormat
 */
const std::vector<V4L2PixelFormat> &
V4L2PixelFormat::fromPixelFormat(const PixelFormat &pixelFormat)
{
	static const std::vector<V4L2PixelFormat> empty;

	const PixelFormatInfo &info = PixelFormatInfo::info(pixelFormat);
	if (!info.isValid())
		return empty;

	return info.v4l2Formats;
}

/**
 * \brief Test if a V4L2PixelFormat is one of the line based generic metadata
 * formats
 *
 * A limited number of metadata formats, the ones that represents generic
 * line-based metadata buffers, need to have their width, height and
 * bytesperline set by userspace.
 *
 * This function tests if the current V4L2PixelFormat is one of those.
 *
 * Note: It would have been nicer to store this information in a
 * V4L2PixelFormat::Info instance, but as metadata format are not exposed to
 * applications, there are no PixelFormat and DRM fourcc codes associated to
 * them.
 *
 * \return True if the V4L2PixelFormat() is a generic line based format, false
 * otherwise
 */
bool V4L2PixelFormat::isGenericLineBasedMetadata() const
{
	switch (fourcc_) {
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_8:
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_CSI2_10:
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_CSI2_12:
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_CSI2_14:
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_CSI2_16:
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_CSI2_20:
	case V4L2_META_FMT_GENERIC_CSI2_24:
		return true;
	default:
		return false;
	}
}

/**
 * \brief Insert a text representation of a V4L2PixelFormat into an output
 * stream
 * \param[in] out The output stream
 * \param[in] f The V4L2PixelFormat
 * \return The output stream \a out
 */
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, const V4L2PixelFormat &f)
{
	out << f.toString();
	return out;
}

} /* namespace libcamera */
